Tarkistan uudet tiedot nCoV-2019 genomista: 5 vastausta. Onko jotain uutta esim jokin "W1/W2"
Käytän tuota kooditermiä "w1/w2"- etsiessäni mahdollista uutta mutaatiota tai virulenssitekijää.Löytyyhän sitä: Uusi wuhanilainen lisägeeni ORF3b ja uusi ORF8. Myös RBD:ssä muutosta S-piikissä. Myös jotain muutosta NC:ssä. kaikkien mielstä riittvästi eroja muihin, jota tämä voidaan sanoa kokonaan uudeksi virukseksi maapallolla.
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Items: 5
1. Seitsemän nsp- virusproteiinin kontrollin mukaan uusi virus on SARSr-CoV tyyppiä ja sen reseptori on ACE2.
Zhou
P, Yang XL, Wang XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, Si HR, Zhu Y, Li B, Huang
CL, Chen HD, Chen J, Luo Y, Guo H, Jiang RD, Liu MQ, Chen Y, Shen XR,
Wang X, Zheng XS, Zhao K, Chen QJ, Deng F, Liu LL, Yan B, Zhan FX, Wang
YY, Xiao GF, Shi ZL.
Nature. 2020 Feb 3. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7. [Epub ahead of print]
Since the SARS outbreak 18 years ago, a large number of severe acute
respiratory syndrome-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) have been
discovered in their natural reservoir host, bats1-4. Previous studies indicated that some of those bat SARSr-CoVs have the potential to infect humans5-7. Here we report the identification and characterization of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in
Wuhan, China. The epidemic, which started from 12 December 2019, has
caused 2,050 laboratory-confirmed infections with 56 fatal cases by 26
January 2020. Full-length genome
sequences were obtained from five patients at the early stage of the
outbreak. They are almost identical to each other and share 79.5%
sequence identify to SARS-CoV. Furthermore, it was found that 2019-nCoV is 96% identical at the whole-genome level to a bat coronavirus.
The pairwise protein sequence analysis of seven conserved
non-structural proteins (nsps) show that this virus belongs to the species of
SARSr-CoV. The 2019-nCoV
virus was then isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a
critically ill patient, which can be neutralized by sera from several
patients. Importantly, we have confirmed that this novel CoV uses the
same cell entry receptor, ACE2, as SARS-CoV.
Lu
R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, Wang W, Song H, Huang B, Zhu N,
Bi Y, Ma X, Zhan F, Wang L, Hu T, Zhou H, Hu Z, Zhou W, Zhao L, Chen J,
Meng Y, Wang J, Lin Y, Yuan J, Xie Z, Ma J, Liu WJ, Wang D, Xu W, Holmes
EC, Gao GF, Wu G, Chen W, Shi W, Tan W.
Lancet. 2020 Jan 30. pii: S0140-6736(20)30251-8. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8. [Epub ahead of print]
The ten genome sequences of 2019-nCoV obtained from the nine patients were extremely similar, exhibiting more than 99·98% sequence identity. Notably, 2019-nCoV
was closely related (with 88% identity) to two bat-derived severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and
bat-SL-CoVZXC21, collected in 2018 in Zhoushan, eastern China, but were
more distant from SARS-CoV (about 79%) and MERS-CoV (about 50%).
Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 2019-nCoV
fell within the subgenus Sarbecovirus of the genus Betacoronavirus,
with a relatively long branch length to its closest relatives
bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21, and was genetically distinct from
SARS-CoV. Notably, homology modelling revealed that 2019-nCoV had a similar receptor-binding domain structure to that of SARS-CoV, despite amino acid variation at some key residues.
Biosci Trends. 2020 Jan 28. doi: 10.5582/bst.2020.01020. [Epub ahead of print]
As of January 22, 2020, a total of 571 cases of the 2019-newcoronavirus (2019-nCoV)
have been reported in 25 provinces (districts and cities) in China. At
present, there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment for human and animal
coronavirus, so that identifying the drug treatment options as soon as possible is critical for the response to the 2019-nCoV
outbreak. Three general methods, which include existing broad-spectrum
antiviral drugs using standard assays, screening of a chemical library
containing many existing compounds or databases, and the redevelopment
of new specific drugs based on the genome
and biophysical understanding of individual coronaviruses, are used to
discover the potential antiviral treatment of human pathogen coronavirus.
Lopinavir /Ritonavir,
Nucleoside analogues,
Neuraminidase inhibitors,
Remdesivir, peptide (EK1), arbidol,
RNA synthesis inhibitors (such as
TDF, 3TC),
anti-inflammatory drugs (such as hormones and other
molecules),
Chinese traditional medicine, such ShuFengJieDu Capsules and
Lianhuaqingwen Capsule, could be the drug treatment options for 2019-nCoV.
However, the efficacy and safety of these drugs for 2019- nCoV still need to be further confirmed by clinical experiments.Free Article
Benvenuto D, Giovanetti M, Ciccozzi A, Spoto S, Angeletti S, Ciccozzi M.
J Med Virol. 2020 Jan 29. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25688. [Epub ahead of print]
There is a worldwide concern about the newcoronavirus 2019-nCoV
as a global public health threat. In this article, we provide a
preliminary evolutionary and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has been built using the 15 available whole genome sequences of 2019-nCoV, 12 whole genome sequences of 2019-nCoV, and 12 highly similar whole genome
sequences available in gene bank (five from the severe acute
respiratory syndrome, two from Middle East respiratory syndrome, and
five from bat SARS-like coronavirus).
Fast unconstrained Bayesian approximation analysis shows that the
nucleocapsid (NC) and the spike (S) glycoprotein have some sites under positive
pressure, whereas homology modeling revealed some molecular and
structural differences between the viruses. The phylogenetic tree showed
that 2019-nCoV significantly clustered with bat SARS-like coronavirus
sequence isolated in 2015, whereas structural analysis revealed
mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein. From these
results, the new 2019-nCoV is distinct from SARS virus, probably transmitted from bats after mutation conferring ability to infect humans.
5. Näyttää siltä, että jo joulukuussa oli havaittu tässä mysteerisessä, atyyppistä pneumoniaa aiheutavassa koronaviruksessa genomista uutta lisää. Accessory proteins, subgenomiset lisät ORF3b ja uusi ORF8 ORF3b koodasi jotain aivan uutta lyhyttä proteiinia. Lisäksi uusi ORF8 todennäköisesti koodasi erittynyttä sekreettiproteiinia, josa oli alfahelix ja sitä seuraava beetatuppi, jossa kuusi säiettä.
( näitä mainintoja en ole nähnyt muissa artikkeleissa ennen tai jälikeen joulukuun).
A mysterious outbreak of atypical pneumonia in late 2019 was traced to a
seafood wholesale market in Wuhan of China. Within a few weeks, a novel
coronavirus tentatively named as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was announced by the World Health Organization. We performed bioinformatics analysis on a virus genome from a patient with 2019-nCoV infection and compared it with other related coronavirus genomes. Overall, the genome of 2019-nCoV
has 89% nucleotide identity with bat SARS-like-CoVZXC21 and 82% with
that of human SARS-CoV. The phylogenetic trees of their orf1a/b, Spike,Envelope,Membrane and Nucleoprotein also clustered closely with those
of the bat, civet and human SARS coronaviruses. However, the external
subdomain of Spike's receptor binding domain(RBD) of 2019-nCoV
shares only 40% amino acid identity with other SARS-related
coronaviruses. Remarkably, its orf3b encodes a completely novel short
protein. Furthermore, its neworf8 likely encodes a secreted protein with an alpha-helix, following
with a beta-sheet(s) containing six strands. Learning from the roles of
civet in SARS and camel in MERS, hunting for the animal source of 2019-nCoV and its more ancestral virus would be important for understanding the origin and evolution of this novel lineage B betacoronavirus.
These findings provide the basis for starting further studies on the
pathogenesis, and optimizing the design of diagnostic, antiviral and
vaccination strategies for this emerging infection. Free Article
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