EBOV virusinfektiossa heti altistumisen jälkeen annettu adjuvantti mAb-perusteinen terapia plus antisense antivirusterapia

Volume 22, Issue 8, August 2014, Pages 456–463

Review

Post-exposure therapy of filovirus infections

• Gary Wong^{1, 2},
• Xiangguo Qiu¹,
• Gene G. Olinger³,
• Gary P. Kobinger^{1, 2, 4, 5}

DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2014.04.002

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Highlights

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Interventions given 1 hour after Ebola virus exposure were ineffective in nonhuman primates (NHPs), with the exception of monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based therapy and BCX4430.

Adjuvanted mAb therapy offers 100% protection for up to 72 hours after Ebola virus infection.

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mAb therapy is effective even after positive confirmation by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and fever.

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Filovirus infections cause fatal hemorrhagic fever characterized by the initial onset of general symptoms before rapid progression to severe disease; the most virulent species can cause death to susceptible hosts within 10 days after the appearance of symptoms. Before the advent of monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy, infection of nonhuman primates (NHPs) with the most virulent filovirus species was fatal if interventions were not administered within minutes.
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 A novel nucleoside analogue, BCX4430, has since been shown to also demonstrate protective efficacy with a delayed treatment start.

This review summarizes and evaluates the potential of current experimental candidates for treating filovirus disease with regard to their feasibility and use in the clinic, and assesses the most promising strategies towards the future development of a pan-filovirus medical countermeasure.

Keywords

• filovirus;
• Ebola;
• Marburg;
• monoclonal antibodies;
• immunotherapy;
• post-exposure