- n Brief
- Published:
COVID-19
Dysregulation of lung myeloid cells in COVID-19
Nature Reviews Immunology
(2020)
Acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and robust cytokine storm are the
hallmark of severe COVID-19 cases. Using single-cell RNA sequencing of
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, this preprint study from Liao et al. found
that the depletion of tissue-resident alveolar macrophages and the
accumulation of monocyte-derived inflammatory macrophages associate with
disease severity. Inflammatory macrophages adopted
interferon-signalling and monocyte-recruiting chemokine programmes that
may drive ARDS. Increased clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells
was found in mild cases; this may reflect viral clearance due to the
induction of virus-specific cytotoxic T cells, as is seen in influenza
virus infection. Overall, these data support therapeutic strategies that
target the myeloid cell compartment, such as IL-6 inhibitors, to treat
COVID-19-associated inflammation.
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