Vertaan SARS-Coronavirusta (+ sRNA ) bunyavirukseen Hantavirus ( miinus sRNA

 Bunyavirus Hantaan virus aiheuttaa pahaa  keuhkooireyhtymä, josa on laaja  sytokiinimyrsky ja tilanne voi olal samantaapinen ARDS kuin  myös SARS voi aiheuttaa  Katson  mikä se oikein on. Huomaan, että sille  ei ole spesifistä hoitoa , vaan symptomaattinen kuten Sarsille. Kuitenkin keuhkotilanteen hoidosa mainitaan joitan preparaatteja kuten   dasatinib ja bosutinib, sekä ribavirin ja flavipiravir. Myös ECMO mainitaan.  Sitä paitis mainitaan vaikean keuhkotilanten  HPS- muodosta että selviäminen on 50%:sta.  Hantaan virus tulee jyrsijöistä, joten se on preventiivisesti  hoidettavissa oleva   yhteiskunnallinen ongelma paikoitellen.

  https://aac.asm.org/content/57/10/4673    "The ability to transmit via aerosolization, coupled with the high mortality rates and lack of therapeutic options, makes the development of medical countermeasures against HPS imperative. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral agent favipiravir (T-705) against Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and ANDV, the predominant causes of HPS in North and South America, respectively. In vitro, T-705 potently inhibited SNV and ANDV, as evidenced by decreased detection of viral RNA and reduced infectious titers. For both viruses, the 90% effective concentration was estimated at ≤5 μg/ml (≤31.8 μM). In the lethal ANDV hamster model, daily administration of oral T-705 at 50 or 100 mg/kg of body weight diminished the detection of viral RNA and antigen in tissue specimens and significantly improved survival rates
 T-705 (favipiravir; 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarboxamide) is a pyrazine derivative that, like ribavirin, has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against several RNA viruses, including seasonal influenza virus as well as highly pathogenic H5N1 and drug-resistant H1N1 strains (13–15), West Nile virus (16), norovirus (17), and the arenaviruses Junin virus, Guanarito virus, Pichinde virus, and Tacaribe virus (18–20). T-705 has also been shown to be highly active against bunyaviruses, including La Crosse, Punta Toro, Rift Valley fever, and sandfly fever viruses (18). For most of these viruses, in vitro studies demonstrated that the antiviral activity of T-705 was similar to, if not better than, that of ribavirin (21). Importantly, unlike ribavirin, which is associated with hemolytic anemia, T-705 is well tolerated in humans, with no side effects noted in human clinical trials. Supporting the low toxicity of this compound, the 50% lethal dose (LD₅₀) of T-705 is at least 6 times greater than that of ribavirin in hamsters (18, 21).

https://aac.asm.org/content/57/10/4673

• Family Coronaviridae

  Enveloped virions 120 nm in diameter with a helical nucleocapsid containing a single strand of positive-sense RNA. Club-shaped glycoprotein spikes in envelope give crownlike (coronal) appearance. Viruses of this family are important agents of gastrointestinal disease in humans, poultry, and bovines.

• Family Bunyaviridae

  Enveloped virions about 80–120 nm in diameter with a 3-segment helical nucleocapsid containing single-stranded RNA of negative sense and endogenous RNA polymerase. Many viruses grouped in 5 genera: Orthobunyavirus, Phlebovirus, Nairovirus, Tospovirus, and Hantavirus. Most of these viruses are transmitted by arthropods and cause serious human disease.

   Hantaviruses replicate exclusively in the host cell cytoplasm. Entry into host cells is thought to occur by attachment of virions to cellular receptors and subsequent endocytosis. Nucleocapsids are introduced into the cytoplasm by pH-dependent fusion of the virion with the endosomal membrane. Transcription of viral genes is initiated by association of the L protein with the three nucleocapsid species. In addition to transcriptase and replicase functions, the viral L protein is also thought to have an endonuclease activity that cleaves cellular messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for the production of capped primers used to initiate transcription of viral mRNAs. As a result of this “cap snatching”, the mRNAs of hantaviruses are believed to be capped and contain nontemplated 5′ terminal extensions. The viral N and L mRNAs are thought to undergo translation at free ribosomes, whereas the M mRNA is translated in the endoplasmic reticulum. G1 and G2 glycoproteins form heterodimers and are then transported from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex, where glycosylation is completed. The L protein produces nascent genomes by replication via a positive-sense RNA intermediate. Hantavirions are believed to form by association of nucleocapsids with glycoproteins embedded in the membranes of the Golgi, followed by budding into the Golgi cisternae. Nascent virions are then transported in secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane and released by exocytosis.