Viruksen normaalisti intrasellulaarinen anioninen fosfolipidi triggeröityy ilmenemään virusvaipan ulkopinnalla viruksen replikoituessa (esim. soluaktivaatiossa tai preapoptoottisissa muutoksissa).
Chimeeristä vasta-ainetta BAVITUXIMAB käyttäen tunnistettiin anioninen fosfolipidi ja sen ilmentyessä ulkopintaan siihen kohdennettiin. Lassakuumeviruksen ( joka on mahdollinen bioterroriagenssi) mallivirus on Pichinde virus. Jos tällä Pichindeviruksella infektoidaan soluja seuraa anionisten fosfolipidien ilmenemä solupintaan. Sitten annettu BAVITUXIMAB käsittely paransi letaalisti Pichinde-viruksella infektoidun marsun taudin. Pääasialliset antivirusmekanismit olivat infektioivan viruksen puhdistus verestä ja viruksella infektoituneitten solujen vasta-aineista riippuva solusytotoksisuus.
Kombinaationa annettu käsittely BAVITUXIMAB + RIBAVIRIN oli tehokkaampi kuin kumpikaan lääke yksinään. BAVITUXIMAB sitoutui myös sellaisiin soluihin, joita oli infektoitunut monista muista viruksista ja paransi hiiriä sytomegalovirusinfektiosta. Ulkopinnalle ilmentyneitten anionisten fosfolipidien kohdennus BAVITUXIMAB- käsitelyllä vaikuttaa olevan turvallista ja tehokasta.
Tämä tutkimustulos osoittaa, että infektoituneitten isäntäsolujen ja virionien ilmentämien anionisten fosfolipidien kohdennus saattaa olla uusi kohde antiviruslääkkeiden kehittelyssä.
Letter abstract (sitaatti)
Nature Medicine 14, 1357 - 1362 (2008)
Published online: 23 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nm.1885
Published online: 23 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nm.1885
Targeting inside-out phosphatidylserine as a therapeutic strategy for viral diseases
There
is a pressing need for antiviral agents that are effective against
multiple classes of viruses. Broad specificity might be achieved by
targeting phospholipids that are widely expressed on infected host cells
or viral envelopes. We reasoned that events occurring during virus
replication (for example, cell activation or preapoptotic changes) would
trigger the exposure of normally intracellular anionic phospholipids on
the outer surface of virus-infected cells.
A chimeric antibody, bavituximab, was used to identify and target the exposed anionic phospholipids. Infection of cells with Pichinde virus (a model for Lassa fever virus, a potential bioterrorism agent) led to the exposure of anionic phospholipids. Bavituximab treatment cured overt disease in guinea pigs lethally infected with Pichinde virus. Direct clearance of infectious virus from the blood and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of virus-infected cells seemed to be the major antiviral mechanisms.
Combination therapy with bavituximab and ribavirin was more effective than either drug alone. Bavituximab also bound to cells infected with multiple other viruses and rescued mice with lethal mouse cytomegalovirus infections. Targeting exposed anionic phospholipids with bavituximab seems to be safe and effective. Our study demonstrates that anionic phospholipids on infected host cells and virions may provide a new target for the generation of antiviral agents.
A chimeric antibody, bavituximab, was used to identify and target the exposed anionic phospholipids. Infection of cells with Pichinde virus (a model for Lassa fever virus, a potential bioterrorism agent) led to the exposure of anionic phospholipids. Bavituximab treatment cured overt disease in guinea pigs lethally infected with Pichinde virus. Direct clearance of infectious virus from the blood and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of virus-infected cells seemed to be the major antiviral mechanisms.
Combination therapy with bavituximab and ribavirin was more effective than either drug alone. Bavituximab also bound to cells infected with multiple other viruses and rescued mice with lethal mouse cytomegalovirus infections. Targeting exposed anionic phospholipids with bavituximab seems to be safe and effective. Our study demonstrates that anionic phospholipids on infected host cells and virions may provide a new target for the generation of antiviral agents.
- Department of Pharmacology, 6001 Forest Park Road, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041, USA.
- Peregrine Pharmaceuticals Inc., 14272 Franklin Avenue, Tustin, California 92780, USA.
Inga kommentarer:
Skicka en kommentar