Leta i den här bloggen

onsdag 7 juni 2017

Sibeliuksesta juontuvaa

Kuuntelin tuossa  YouTubesta Sibeliuksen musiikkia ja sittenkun tuli se Tuonelan Joutsen, siinä oli taustakuvana joutsen järvellä ja se näytti ihan samanlaiselta kuin viimeisen pahan lintuinfluenssan joutsen. Ajattelinpa sitten tarkistaa mikä on Global Pandemic Alert Phase  niissä Avin flu viruksissa.
http://www.who.int/influenza/preparedness/pandemic/h5n1phase/en/
Sama tieto kuin ennen että H5N1 on HAI, eli  Human Animal Interphase virus.  Koska se on vielä interfaasissa, ei voida tehtä mitään suurimittaista  influenssarokotetta  ihmis-influenssaa vastaan, koska sitä ei vielä ole lähtenyt  liikkeelle laajemmin ihmisinfluenssana, jolloin sen antigeeninen kokoomuskin voi olla aivan ennalta arvaamaton.Muta kandidaattirokote on kehitelty.

Tilanne on tämä nyt:Kyseeseen tulee  uusi virus, johon ei vanhat rokotteet anna minkäänlaista suojaa nykyisen  ymmärtämyksen mukaan,  joten esivalmisteluja (kandidaattirokote)  on tehty siinä määrin kuin se on mahdollista , sillä on AH5N1  ihmistapauksia on  runsaasti.
Tauti on vielä interfaasissa   eli se nopea ihmisestä toiseen leviäminen ei ole alkanut. Tämä alert-vaihe, hälytysvaihe,  on jo kestänyt vuosia, joten  ei pidä unohtaa että se on olemassa.

http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/avian_influenza/h5n1_research/faqs/en/

FAQs: H5N1 influenza

Q1: What is H5N1?

H5N1 is a type of influenza virus that causes a highly infectious, severe respiratory disease in birds called avian influenza (or "bird flu"). Human cases of H5N1 avian influenza occur occasionally, but it is difficult to transmit the infection from person to person. When people do become infected, the mortality rate is about 60%.

Q2: How does H5N1 influenza spread to people?

Almost all cases of H5N1 infection in people have been associated with close contact with infected live or dead birds, or H5N1-contaminated environments. The virus does not infect humans easily, and spread from person to person appears to be unusual. There is no evidence that the disease can be spread to people through properly prepared and thoroughly cooked food.

Q3: Why is there so much concern about H5N1 influenza?

H5N1 infection in humans can cause severe disease and has a high mortality rate. If the H5N1 virus were to change and become easily transmissible from person to person while retaining its capacity to cause severe disease, the consequences for public health could be very serious.

Q4: Why might the H5N1 influenza virus change?

Influenza viruses constantly undergo genetic changes. It would be a cause for concern, should the H5N1 virus become more easily transmissible among humans.

Q5: What are the symptoms of H5N1 avian influenza in humans?

The symptoms of H5N1 infection may include fever (often high fever, > 38°C) and malaise, cough, sore throat, and muscle aches. Other early symptoms may include abdominal pain, chest pain and diarrhoea. The infection may progress quickly to severe respiratory illness (for example, difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) and neurologic changes (altered mental status or seizures).

Q6: Is it safe to eat chicken, poultry products and other wild game birds?

Yes, it is safe to eat properly prepared and cooked poultry and game birds. The virus is sensitive to heat. Normal temperatures used for cooking (so that food reaches 70°C in all parts) will kill the virus. As a standard precaution, WHO recommends that poultry, poultry products and wild game birds should always be prepared following good hygienic practices, and that poultry meat should be properly cooked.
To date, a large number of human infections with the H5N1 virus have been linked to the home slaughter and subsequent handling of diseased or dead birds prior to cooking. These practices represent the highest risk of human infection and are the most important to avoid.

Q7: How is H5N1 avian influenza in humans treated?

In most cases, avian influenza in humans develops into a serious disease that should be treated promptly in the hospital and may require intensive care, where available. The antiviral medicine oseltamivir can reduce the severity of illness and prevent death, and should be used in all cases.

Q8: Is a vaccine available to prevent human infection with H5N1avian influenza?

Candidate vaccines to prevent H5N1 infection have been developed, but they are not ready for widespread use.

Q9: Does seasonal influenza (seasonal flu) vaccination provide protection against H5N1 viruses?

Seasonal influenza vaccination does not appear to protect against H5N1 infection.

Q10: What is the WHO response to H5N1 influenza?

WHO is working with countries to help them detect and manage cases of H5N1 infection in humans when they occur.
WHO collaborates with global health partners and agencies, including the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), to control and prevent the spread of animal diseases.
WHO’s global laboratory system, the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS), identifies and monitors strains of circulating influenza viruses, and provides advice to countries on their risk to human health and available treatment or control measures.
Upplagd av kl. Inga kommentarer:
Etiketter:

torsdag 1 juni 2017

Viiden Ebolavirustyypin diagnosointitekniikka RT-LAMP

J Virol Methods. 2017 Mar 27;246:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.03.011. [Epub ahead of print]

Rapid detection of all known ebolavirus species by reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP).

Oloniniyi OK1, Kurosaki Y2, Miyamoto H3, Takada A4, Yasuda J5.

Abstract

Ebola virus disease (EVD), a highly virulent infectious disease caused by ebolaviruses, has a fatality rate of 25-90%. Without a licensed chemotherapeutic agent or vaccine for the treatment and prevention of EVD, control of outbreaks requires accurate and rapid diagnosis of cases. In this study, five sets of six oligonucleotide primers targeting the nucleoprotein gene were designed for specific identification of each of the five ebolavirus species using reverse transcription-loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay. The detection limits of the ebolavirus species-specific primer sets were evaluated using in vitro transcribed RNAs.
 The detection limit of species-specific RT-LAMP assays for
  •  Zaire ebolavirus, 
  • Sudan ebolavirus, 
  • Taï Forest ebolavirus, and
  •  Bundibugyo ebolavirus was 256 copies/reaction,
 while the detection limit for
  •  Reston ebolavirus was 64 copies/reaction,
 and the detection time for each of the RT-LAMP assays was 13.3±3.0, 19.8±4.6, 14.3±0.6, 16.1±4.7, and 19.8±2.4min (mean±SD), respectively. The sensitivity of the species-specific RT-LAMP assays were similar to that of the established RT-PCR and quantitative RT-PCR assays for diagnosis of EVD and are suitable for field or point-of-care diagnosis.

 The RT-LAMP assays were specific for the detection of the respective species of ebolavirus with no cross reaction with other species of ebolavirus and other viral hemorrhagic fever viruses such as Marburg virus, Lassa fever virus, and Dengue virus. The species-specific RT-LAMP assays developed in this study are rapid, sensitive, and specific and could be useful in case of an EVD outbreak.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:

Diagnosis; Ebola virus disease; Ebolavirus; RT-LAMP
Upplagd av kl. Inga kommentarer:
Etiketter:

PubMed haku "Ebola 2017": 74 artikkelia vastauksena 1.6.2017.

Search results (hakusana ”Ebola 2017”) 1.6. 2017

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed

Items: 1 to 20 of 74. Page of 4


Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2017 May 19;92(20):286-92. English, French. No abstract available.
Kroeker A, He S, de La Vega MA, Wong G, Embury-Hyatt C, Qiu X.
Oncotarget. 2017 May 8. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.17694. [Epub ahead of print]
Free Article Similar articles
Albariño CG, Wiggleton Guerrero L, Jenks HM, Chakrabarti AK, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Nichol ST. PLoS One. 2017 May 25;12(5):e0178224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178224. eCollection 2017.
Ruedas JB, Ladner J, Ettinger CR, Gummuluru S, Palacios G, Connor JH.
J Virol. 2017 May 24. pii: JVI.00392-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00392-17. [Epub ahead of print]
Zhao X, Howell KA, He S, Brannan JM, Wec AZ, Davidson E, Turner HL, Chiang CI, Lei L, Fels JM, Vu H, Shulenin S, Turonis AN, Kuehne AI, Liu G, Ta M, Wang Y, Sundling C, Xiao Y, Spence JS, Doranz BJ, Holtsberg FW, Ward AB, Chandran K, Dye JM, Qiu X, Li Y, Aman MJ.
Cell. 2017 May 18;169(5):891-904.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.038.
Wec AZ, Herbert AS, Murin CD, Nyakatura EK, Abelson DM, Fels JM, He S, James RM, de La Vega MA, Zhu W, Bakken RR, Goodwin E, Turner HL, Jangra RK, Zeitlin L, Qiu X, Lai JR, Walker LM, Ward AB, Dye JM, Chandran K, Bornholdt ZA.
Cell. 2017 May 18;169(5):878-890.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.037.
Yamayoshi S, Kawaoka Y.
Cell. 2017 May 18;169(5):773-775. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.008.
Herstein JJ, Biddinger PD, Gibbs SG, Le AB, Jelden KC, Hewlett AL, Lowe JJ.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Jun;23(6):965-967. doi: 10.3201/eid2306.170062.
Vernick S, Trocchia SM, Warren SB, Young EF, Bouilly D, Gonzalez RL, Nuckolls C, Shepard KL.
Nat Commun. 2017 May 18;8:15450. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15450.
Similar articles
C St Claire M, R Ragland D, Bollinger L, B Jahrling P.
Comp Med. 2017 May 17. doi: no_doi/1495037362954. [Epub ahead of print]
Bào Y, Amarasinghe GK, Basler CF, Bavari S, Bukreyev A, Chandran K, Dolnik O, Dye JM, Ebihara H, Formenty P, Hewson R, Kobinger GP, Leroy EM, Mühlberger E, Netesov SV, Patterson JL, Paweska JT, Smither SJ, Takada A, Towner JS, Volchkov VE, Wahl-Jensen V, Kuhn JH.
Viruses. 2017 May 11;9(5). pii: E106. doi: 10.3390/v9050106.
Tambunan USF, Alkaff AH, Nasution MAF, Parikesit AA, Kerami D.
J Mol Graph Model. 2017 Jun;74:366-378. doi: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.04.001. Epub 2017 Apr 21.
Ellerbrok H, Jacobsen S, Patel P, Rieger T, Eickmann M, Becker S, Günther S, Naidoo D, Schrick L, Keeren K, Targosz A, Teichmann A, Formenty P, Niedrig M.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 May 1;11(5):e0005570. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005570. eCollection 2017 May.
Poliquin PG, Biondi M, Ranadheera C, Hagan M, Bello A, Racine T, Allan M, Funk D, Hansen G, Hancock BJ, Kesselman M, Mortimer T, Kumar A, Jones S, Leung A, Grolla A, Tran KN, Tierney K, Qiu X, Kobasa D, Strong JE.
Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 26;7(1):1204. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01107-6.
Lee SS, Phy K, Peden K, Sheng-Fowler L.
Vaccine. 2017 Apr 17. pii: S0264-410X(17)30325-0. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.019. [Epub ahead of print]
Ngatu NR, Kayembe NJ, Phillips EK, Okech-Ojony J, Patou-Musumari M, Gaspard-Kibukusa M, Madone-Mandina N, Godefroid-Mayala M, Mutaawe L, Manzengo C, Roger-Wumba D, Nojima S.
J Epidemiol. 2017 Apr 13. pii: S0917-5040(17)30088-6. doi: 10.1016/j.je.2016.09.010. [Epub ahead of print] Review.
Howell KA, Brannan JM, Bryan C, McNeal A, Davidson E, Turner HL, Vu H, Shulenin S, He S, Kuehne A, Herbert AS, Qiu X, Doranz BJ, Holtsberg FW, Ward AB, Dye JM, Aman MJ.
Cell Rep. 2017 Apr 11;19(2):413-424. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.049.
PMID:
28402862
Bebell LM, Oduyebo T, Riley LE.
Birth Defects Res. 2017 Mar 15;109(5):353-362. doi: 10.1002/bdra.23558. Review.
Monreal-Escalante E, Ramos-Vega AA, Salazar-González JA, Bañuelos-Hernández B, Angulo C, Rosales-Mendoza S.
Planta. 2017 Apr 7. doi: 10.1007/s00425-017-2689-5. [Epub ahead of print]
Haas CN, Rycroft T, Bibby K, Casson L.
Water Environ Res. 2017 Apr 1;89(4):357-368. doi: 10.2175/106143017X14839994523181.

Toinen sivu Items: 21 to 40 of 74

Mendoza EJ, Racine T, Kobinger GP.
Immunotherapy. 2017 Mar;9(5):435-450. doi: 10.2217/imt-2017-0010. Review.
Oloniniyi OK, Kurosaki Y, Miyamoto H, Takada A, Yasuda J.
J Virol Methods. 2017 Mar 27;246:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.03.011. [Epub ahead of print]
van Griensven J, Gallian P, de Lamballerie X.
N Engl J Med. 2017 Mar 30;376(13):1297. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1700090. No abstract available.
Burnouf T, Dye JM, Abayomi A; Get Consortium..
N Engl J Med. 2017 Mar 30;376(13):1296-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1700090. No abstract available.
Pickering BS, Collignon B, Smith G, Marszal P, Kobinger G, Weingartl HM.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2017 Mar 27. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12606. [Epub ahead of print]



Ro YT, Ticer A, Carrion R Jr, Patterson JL.
Microbiol Immunol. 2017 Apr;61(3-4):130-137. doi: 10.1111/1348-0421.12475.
Olejnik J, Forero A, Deflubé LR, Hume AJ, Manhart WA, Nishida A, Marzi A, Katze MG, Ebihara H, Rasmussen AL, Mühlberger E.
J Virol. 2017 May 12;91(11). pii: e00179-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00179-17. Print 2017 Jun 1.
Dayer JA, Siegrist CA, Huttner A.
PLoS One. 2017 Mar 8;12(3):e0173148. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173148. eCollection 2017.
Hoffmann M, Crone L, Dietzel E, Paijo J, González-Hernández M, Nehlmeier I, Kalinke U, Becker S, Pöhlmann S.
J Virol. 2017 Apr 13;91(9). pii: e00177-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00177-17. Print 2017 May 1.
Lehrer AT, Wong TS, Lieberman MM, Humphreys T, Clements DE, Bakken RR, Hart MK, Pratt WD, Dye JM.
Vaccine. 2017 Feb 16. pii: S0264-410X(17)30148-2. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.01.068. [Epub ahead of print]
Jacob ShT, Fletcher TE.
N Engl J Med. 2017 Feb 16;376(7):700. No abstract available.
Pappalardo M, Reddin IG, Cantoni D, Rossman JS, Michaelis M, Wass MN.
Bioinformatics. 2017 Feb 15. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx065. [Epub ahead of print]
Davey RT Jr, Nordwall J, Proschan MA; Prevail II Study Team..
N Engl J Med. 2017 Feb 16;376(7):700-701. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1614625. No abstract available.
Fink D, Cropley I, Jacobs M, Mepham S.
Euro Surveill. 2017 Jan 26;22(4). pii: 30449. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.4.30449.
Pleet ML, DeMarino C, Lepene B, Aman MJ, Kashanchi F.
DNA Cell Biol. 2017 Apr;36(4):243-248. doi: 10.1089/dna.2017.3639. Epub 2017 Feb 8. Review.



Janke C, Heim KM, Steiner F, Massaquoi M, Gbanya MZ, Frey C, Froeschl G.
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 6;17(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2235-x.
Broom J, Broom A, Bowden V.
Public Health. 2017 Feb;143:103-108. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.11.008. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Mullard A.
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2017 Feb 2;16(2):77. doi: 10.1038/nrd.2017.20. No abstract available.
Balmith M, Soliman ME.
Cell Biochem Biophys. 2017 Mar;75(1):65-78. doi: 10.1007/s12013-017-0783-8. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
Bower H, Glynn JR.
Sci Data. 2017 Jan 31;4:160133. doi: 10.1038/sdata.2016.133.

Kolmas sivu Items: 41 to 60 of 74

Kuzmin IV, Schwarz TM, Ilinykh PA, Jordan I, Ksiazek TG, Sachidanandam R, Basler CF, Bukreyev A.
J Virol. 2017 Mar 29;91(8). pii: e02471-16. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02471-16. Print 2017 Apr 15.
Zhang XA, Li S, Ching J, Feng HY, Yang K, Dolinger DL, Zhang LD, Zhang PH, Liu W, Cao WC.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2017 Jan 18;6(1):e5. doi: 10.1038/emi.2016.134. No abstract available.
Ueda MT, Kurosaki Y, Izumi T, Nakano Y, Oloniniyi OK, Yasuda J, Koyanagi Y, Sato K, Nakagawa S.Genes Cells. 2017 Feb;22(2):148-159. doi: 10.1111/gtc.12463. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
Cornish JP, Diaz L, Ricklefs SM, Kanakabandi K, Sword J, Jahrling PB, Kuhn JH, Porcella SF, Johnson RF.
Genome Announc. 2017 Jan 12;5(2). pii: e01448-16. doi: 10.1128/genomeA.01448-16.

Du K, Cai H, Park M, Wall TA, Stott MA, Alfson KJ, Griffiths A, Carrion R, Patterson JL, Hawkins AR, Schmidt H, Mathies RA.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2017 May 15;91:489-496. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.071. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
Henao-Restrepo AM, Camacho A, Longini IM, Watson CH, Edmunds WJ, Egger M, Carroll MW, Dean NE, Diatta I, Doumbia M, Draguez B, Duraffour S, Enwere G, Grais R, Gunther S, Gsell PS, Hossmann S, Watle SV, Kondé MK, Kéïta S, Kone S, Kuisma E, Levine MM, Mandal S, Mauget T, Norheim G, Riveros X, Soumah A, Trelle S, Vicari AS, Røttingen JA, Kieny MP.
Lancet. 2017 Feb 4;389(10068):505-518. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32621-6. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Lawrence P, Danet N, Reynard O, Volchkova V, Volchkov V.
Curr Opin Virol. 2017 Feb;22:51-58. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.11.013. Epub 2016 Dec 22. Review.
Harbourt DE, Johnston SC, Pettitt J, Warren TK, Dorman WR.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 15;215(4):554-558. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw610.
Pettitt J, Higgs E, Fallah M, Nason M, Stavale E, Marchand J, Reilly C, Jensen K, Dighero-Kemp B, Tuznik K, Logue J, Bolay F, Hensley L.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 15;215(4):547-553. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw599.
Hereth-Hebert E, Bah MO, Etard JF, Sow MS, Resnikoff S, Fardeau C, Toure A, Ouendeno AN, Sagno IC, March L, Izard S, Lama PL, Barry M, Delaporte E; Postebogui Study Group..
Am J Ophthalmol. 2017 Mar;175:114-121. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.12.005. Epub 2016 Dec 18.
Balcioglu M, Rana M, Hizir MS, Robertson NM, Haque K, Yigit MV.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2017 Jan;6(2). doi: 10.1002/adhm.201600739. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
Collar AL, Clarke EC, Anaya E, Merrill D, Yarborough S, Anthony SM, Kuhn JH, Merle C, Theisen M, Bradfute SB.
Virology. 2017 Feb;502:39-47. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.12.010. Epub 2016 Dec 13.
Schwarz TM, Edwards MR, Diederichs A, Alinger JB, Leung DW, Amarasinghe GK, Basler CF.
J Virol. 2017 Jan 31;91(4). pii: e01715-16. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01715-16. Print 2017 Feb 15. Similar articles
Lau KA, Theis T, Gray J, Rawlinson WD.
J Clin Microbiol. 2017 Mar;55(3):783-790. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02173-16. Epub 2016 Dec 14.
Baseler L, Chertow DS, Johnson KM, Feldmann H, Morens DM.
Annu Rev Pathol. 2017 Jan 24;12:387-418. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-052016-100506.
Ríos-Huerta R, Monreal-Escalante E, Govea-Alonso DO, Angulo C, Rosales-Mendoza S.
Plant Cell Rep. 2017 Feb;36(2):355-365. doi: 10.1007/s00299-016-2088-6. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
Sissoko D, Keïta M, Diallo B, Aliabadi N, Fitter DL, Dahl BA, Akoi Bore J, Raymond Koundouno F, Singethan K, Meisel S, Enkirch T, Mazzarelli A, Amburgey V, Faye O, Alpha Sall A, Magassouba N, Carroll MW, Anglaret X, Malvy D, Formenty P, Bruce Aylward R, Keïta S, Harouna Djingarey M, Loman NJ, Günther S, Duraffour S.
Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 15;64(4):513-516. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw793.
Yang M, Ke Y, Zhang W, Liu C, Yang R, Chen Z.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2017 Mar;87(3):235-237. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.11.001. Epub 2016 Nov 5.
Guito JC, Albariño CG, Chakrabarti AK, Towner JS.
Virology. 2017 Jan 15;501:147-165. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.11.015. Epub 2016 Dec 6.
Hatcher EL, Zhdanov SA, Bao Y, Blinkova O, Nawrocki EP, Ostapchuck Y, Schäffer AA, Brister JR.Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D482-D490. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkw1065. Epub 2016 Nov 28.

Neljäs sivu Items: 61 to 74 of 74

Trad MA, Naughton W, Yeung A, Mazlin L, O'sullivan M, Gilroy N, Fisher DA, Stuart RL.
J Clin Virol. 2017 Jan;86:5-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.11.005. Epub 2016 Nov 11. Review.
Ning YJ, Deng F, Hu Z, Wang H.
Virol Sin. 2017 Feb;32(1):3-15. doi: 10.1007/s12250-016-3850-1. Epub 2016 Nov 14. Review.
Dietzel E, Schudt G, Krähling V, Matrosovich M, Becker S.
J Virol. 2017 Jan 3;91(2). pii: e01913-16. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01913-16. Print 2017 Jan 15.
Bruhn JF, Kirchdoerfer RN, Urata SM, Li S, Tickle IJ, Bricogne G, Saphire EO.
J Virol. 2017 Jan 3;91(2). pii: e01085-16. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01085-16. Print 2017 Jan 15.
Carinelli S, Kühnemund M, Nilsson M, Pividori MI.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2017 Jul 15;93:65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.099. Epub 2016 Oct 11.
Lo TQ, Marston BJ, Dahl BA, De Cock KM.
Annu Rev Med. 2017 Jan 14;68:359-370. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-052915-015604. Epub 2016 Oct 21.
Balmith M, Faya M, Soliman ME.
Chem Biol Drug Des. 2017 Mar;89(3):297-308. doi: 10.1111/cbdd.12870. Epub 2016 Oct 31. Review. Similar articles
Wu W, Liu S.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2017;17(3):361-370. Review.
Gupta N, Noël R, Goudet A, Hinsinger K, Michau A, Pons V, Abdelkafi H, Secher T, Shima A, Shtanko O, Sakurai Y, Cojean S, Pomel S, Liévin-Le Moal V, Leignel V, Herweg JA, Fischer A, Johannes L, Harrison K, Beard PM, Clayette P, Le Grand R, Rayner JO, Rudel T, Vacus J, Loiseau PM, Davey RA, Oswald E, Cintrat JC, Barbier J, Gillet D.
Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Apr 1;267:96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.005. Epub 2016 Oct 3.
Muehlenbachs A, de la Rosa Vázquez O, Bausch DG, Schafer IJ, Paddock CD, Nyakio JP, Lame P, Bergeron E, McCollum AM, Goldsmith CS, Bollweg BC, Prieto MA, Lushima RS, Ilunga BK, Nichol ST, Shieh WJ, Ströher U, Rollin PE, Zaki SR.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Jan 1;215(1):64-69. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw206. Epub 2016 May 25.
González-González E, Alvarez MM, Márquez-Ipiña AR, Trujillo-de Santiago G, Rodríguez-Martínez LM, Annabi N, Khademhosseini A.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2017 Feb;37(1):53-68. Epub 2015 Nov 26. Review.



Regules JA, Beigel JH, Paolino KM, Voell J, Castellano AR, Hu Z, Muñoz P, Moon JE, Ruck RC, Bennett JW, Twomey PS, Gutiérrez RL, Remich SA, Hack HR, Wisniewski ML, Josleyn MD, Kwilas SA, Van Deusen N, Mbaya OT, Zhou Y, Stanley DA, Jing W, Smith KS, Shi M, Ledgerwood JE, Graham BS, Sullivan NJ, Jagodzinski LL, Peel SA, Alimonti JB, Hooper JW, Silvera PM, Martin BK, Monath TP, Ramsey WJ, Link CJ, Lane HC, Michael NL, Davey RT Jr, Thomas SJ; rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Study Group..
N Engl J Med. 2017 Jan 26;376(4):330-341. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1414216. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
Bausch DG.
N Engl J Med. 2017 Mar 9;376(10):984-985. doi: 10.1056/NEJMe1414305. Epub 2014 Nov 26. No abstract available.
Ledgerwood JE, DeZure AD, Stanley DA, Coates EE, Novik L, Enama ME, Berkowitz NM, Hu Z, Joshi G, Ploquin A, Sitar S, Gordon IJ, Plummer SA, Holman LA, Hendel CS, Yamshchikov G, Roman F, Nicosia A, Colloca S, Cortese R, Bailer RT, Schwartz RM, Roederer M, Mascola JR, Koup RA, Sullivan NJ, Graham BS; VRC 207 Study Team..
N Engl J Med. 2017 Mar 9;376(10):928-938. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1410863. Epub 2014 Nov 26.









Upplagd av kl. Inga kommentarer:
Etiketter:

söndag 21 maj 2017

Meningitis C on meningokokkibakteerisairaus johon on rokote

Written by
What is meningitis C
Meningitis is a medical condition in which the wrappings that cover the brain and spinal cord become inflamed. It is nearly always caused by an infection, and can cause symptoms such as fever, vomiting, a stiff neck, dislike of bright lights, confusion and seizures. If the infection also causes septicaemia (blood poisoning), then the patient will also develop a rash all over their body, which does not fade when pressed against a glass.
Meningitis C is a specific type of meningitis caused by meningococcal bacteria. In the UK, babies are vaccinated against meningitis C, and young adults can also receive a booster meningitis C vaccination when they are at school or attending university.

Contracting Meningitis C

If you received the meningitis C vaccine as a baby, plus a booster as a young adult or teenager, or before going travelling, you will be well-protected against meningitis C. However there are a few things to be aware of when it comes to meningitis C if haven’t been fully vaccinated.
Meningitis C is most likely to affect babies, young children, teenagers, young adults, and the elderly, as well as anyone who has a compromised immune system. It is caused by the MenC strain of meningococcal bacteria. This strain, like the other major types of meningococcus, can cause meningitis and septicaemia (otherwise known as meningococcal disease). This is a life-threatening condition, and can be fatal if not treated quickly. Meningococcus is spread through respiratory fluid, and be contracted from kissing, coughing, sneezing, or sharing toothbrushes or utensils. Because it can be spread by a carrier who has not become ill themselves, it’s not always easy to avoid.

Meningitis C Symptoms

The symptoms of meningitis C are the same as the symptoms for the other meningococcal strains. To begin with, the symptoms are flu-like, and typically involve a fever, vomiting, nausea and a headache. After that, more distinctive symptoms emerge:
  • Aching joints
  • Breathlessness
  • Cold hands and feet
  • Pale or mottled skin
  • A stiff neck
  • A rash
  • Dislike of bright lights
  • Confusion
  • Excessive drowsiness
  • Seizures
In babies, you may notice that they:
  • Have a bulging soft spot on their head
  • Are refusing to feed
  • Are irritable or agitated
  • Have gone floppy and unresponsive
  • Have gone stiff
  • Are crying or moaning in an unusual way

Meningitis Rash

Perhaps the most recognisable symptom of meningitis is the all-over body rash that does not go away when you press a clear glass against it. Though the rash does not present in all cases of meningitis, it is a classic symptom of bacterial - and more specifically, meningococcal - meningitis. The meningococcal bacteria that causes meningitis C can cause septicaemia, which is what causes the body rash.
The rash will at first appear as small, red pinpricks and will spread quickly across the body. The spots will become larger and more blotchy, and may change colour, becoming darker. You should use the “glass test” described above to check your rash and see if it has been caused by septicaemia. Septicaemia requires immediate medical attention.

Treatment for Meningitis C

If you are diagnosed with meningitis C, you will require medical care in a hospital. You will be treated with antibiotics, which will tackle the bacterial infection and clear up the septicaemia and the meningitis. In some cases, meningitis C can leave lasting medical problems, such as neurological damage and scarring. In extreme cases where the septicaemia has been allowed to progress for too long, amputation of damaged tissue may be required.
The important thing to know is that time is crucial when it comes to meningitis. If you think you may have it, you should go to A&E as soon as possible.

The Meningitis C Vaccine

In the UK, babies are routinely immunised against meningitis C for free on the NHS. Teenagers and young adults entering university for the first time will also be offered the meningitis C vaccination, as part of the ACWY vaccine.
The Meningitis ACWY vaccine offers protection against four different strains of meningococcal bacteria that cause meningitis: MenA, MenC, MenW and MenY. It offers good protection to young adults entering the university environment, but is also a necessary precaution for certain travellers.
People taking part in the Hajj or Umrah pilgrimages in Saudi Arabia are required to receive the ACWY vaccine before entering the country. Travellers to certain African countries are also advised to receive the vaccine.
Order the Meningitis ACWY vaccine here. Alternatively, take our free travel vaccines assessment to find out what you need.
Upplagd av kl. Inga kommentarer:
Etiketter:

Ebola 2017

21.5. 2017
Daily Star of Lebanon uutiset

Reuters

KINSHASA:
 A fourth person has likely died from Ebola in remote northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo, the World Health Organization said on Sunday, as the overall number of cases rose to 37 from 29.
Of the 37 cases of haemorrhagic fever discovered since early May, two have been confirmed as Ebola, three, including the latest death, are considered probable and 32 are suspected, WHO's Congo spokesman Eugene Kabambi told Reuters.
Health authorities are monitoring 416 people who came into contact with sufferers and have dispatched mobile laboratories to the zone to more quickly test people who display symptoms, Kabambi said.
The affected zone's extreme isolation has helped contain the highly contagious virus' spread, though a lack of telecommunications, few paved roads and a shortage of thermometers have hindered the response.


Upplagd av kl. Inga kommentarer:
Etiketter: ,

torsdag 27 april 2017

Liberia Sinoe joen varrella . uusi?tappava virustauti tai jokin entisistä pahempana 24.4. 2017 lähtien

 21.5. 2017 EHKÄ Meningitis C.  (Otan tästä yhden artikkelin neitstä)
https://www.undispatch.com/warns-mystery-disease-killing-people-liberia/


Mark Leon Goldberg




On April 23, an 11-year-old boy was admitted to a local hospital in a remote county of Liberia. He was vomiting, had diarrhea and was delirious.  The day before, he attended a funeral. One hour after being admitted to he hospital he died.
Other people who had attended this funeral soon became ill. Within a week, there were a total of 28 cases, including 12 deaths–all linked to this funeral. Ebola was immediately suspected. The symptoms presented by the patients, the extremely high death rate, and fact that this spread at a funeral (which is known to be a key point of transmission of ebola) all pointed to a new outbreak of the disease. Needless to say, that would be a profound setback for Liberia, which has been free of any ebola cases since January 2016 after having been devastated by the ebola outbreak two years ago.
Upon receiving news of this cluster of deaths, the WHO activated new post-ebola emergency response measures and moved quickly to track down anyone who might be infected. Health officials tested the patients for both ebola and Lassa fever, a similar disease. Ebola was quickly ruled out–but more people were getting sick and dying.
As of yesterday, the WHO says that a total of 31 cases of this “illness of unknown aetiology” was reported by the government of Liberia to the World Health Organization. This includes 13 deaths.
But now, the WHO says it has a prime suspect: meningitis C. Samples from four of the deceased patients tested positive for this bacterial disease. More samples are being analyzed and if meningitis is confirmed to be this mystery illness, there is already a safe and effective vaccine that can be deployed to halt the spread of meningitis C.
For now it appears that two weeks after this deadly mystery illness created a cluster of patients and victims, most people exposed to this disease have been tracked down and the disease itself provisionally identified




 27.4. 2017
https://www.liberianobserver.com/news/7-die-mysteriously-in-greenville/
 Residents of the port city of Greenville, Sinoe County woke up yesterday to discover that half a dozen of their kinsmen had died under mysterious circumstances.

In his reaction to the news, Derry S. Dokie, the Ministry of Health’s representative in River Cess with oversight responsibility for Sinoe County, said in a text response to the Daily Observer that there were “unexplained causes of the deaths which started at about 5 a.m.”
“Since 5 a.m. today (yesterday morning) six persons have died from suspected fever of unknown cause,” which health personnel in the county are investigating.
The Ministry of Health in Monrovia has been urgently called upon to put into place interventions before the situation gets out of hand.
The Liberian National Police (LNP) spokesperson, Sam Collins, confirmed to the Daily Observer that the LNP is investigating the deaths, and have dispatched homicide and forensic investigators to the county.
Collins spoke on a radio phone-in program yesterday after many versions of the deaths started filtering in to Monrovia from Greenville.
Collins called on the public to remain calm as the LNP is carefully reviewing the situation.
An ELBC correspondent in the county told the station that some of the dead were students and that their bodies are at the Francis Grant Hospital.
He reported that because of the intensity of the crisis, health authorities in the county were in a meeting for most of yesterday.
Meanwhile, the Ministry of Health has confirmed the news and told ELBC that investigation is ongoing to ascertain the circumstances leading to the deaths.
The Ministry of Health’s communication director, Sorbor George, said a rapid response team has already taken specimen of the dead for testing.
He said the tests will be conducted at a laboratory in Marshall, Lower Margibi County.
According to Mr. George, the victims had earlier complained of headaches and abdominal pains, and doctors struggled to resuscitate them “to no avail until they died at various intervals.”

Huomaan uutisen hesarissa keskiyöllä 27.4. 2017.  Tappava kuumetauti alkoi 24.4. 2017. 8 jo kuollut ja 6 vakavasti sairasta. 
Upplagd av kl. Inga kommentarer:
Etiketter:

lördag 22 april 2017

Lancet artikkelii Denguesta

Dengue
http://thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)30269-6/fulltext?elsca1=etoc
Upplagd av kl. Inga kommentarer:
Etiketter:
Prenumerera på: Inlägg (Atom)